Nose Drops and Sprays

Afrin, Neo-Synephrine, Dristan, Sinarest, Contac and others treat a runny nose. A runny nose is often the worst symptom of a cold or allergy. Because this compliant is so common, remedies are big business, and there are many advertised that claim to decrease nasal secretions. Many of these preparations are “topical,” like nose drops and sprays, and act directly on the inflamed tissue. There are some problems associated with the use of these compounds.

The major drawback is that the relief is temporary. Usually the symptoms return in couple of hours, and you need to repeat the dose. This is fine for a while. But these drugs work by causing the muscles in the walls of the blood vessels to constrict (shrink), decreasing blood flow. After many applications, these small muscles become fatigued and fail to respond. Finally, they are so fatigued that they relax entirely, and situation becomes worse than it was in the beginning. This is medically termed “rebound vasodilation.” This can occur if you use these drugs steadily for three days or more. Many patients interpret these increased symptoms as a need for more medication. Taking more only makes the problem increasingly worse. Therefore, use nose drops or sprays only for a few days at a time. After several days’ rest, they may be used again for a few days.

Dosage

These drugs are almost always used in the wrong way. If you can taste the drug, you have applied it to the wrong area. If you don’t bathe the swollen membranes on the side surface of the inner nose, you won’t get the desired effect. Apply small amounts to one nostril while lying down on that side for a few minutes so that the medicine will bathe the membranes. Then apply the agent to the other side while lying on that side. Treat four times a day if needed, but do not continue for more than three days without interrupting the therapy.

Side Effects

Rebound vasodilation from prolonged use is the most common problem. If you apply these agents incorrectly and swallow a large amount of the drug, you may experience a rapid heart rate and an uneasy, agitated feeling. The drying effect of the drug can result in nosebleeds. Try to avoid the substances to which you are allergic rather than treating the consequences of exposure. Often simple measures like changing a furnace filter, using a vaporizer, or using an air conditioner to filter the air will improve symptoms.